Evaluation of pleural effusions: malign and paramalign\n\nObjectives: While the malignant cells in the fluid are available in malignant pleural effusions (MPE), in paramalignant pleural effusions (PMPE), the malignant cells do not exist. We aimed to compare the results of patients with MPE and PMPE.\nMethods:One hundred seventy six patients (MPE: 145 PMPE: 31) were analysed retrospectively. Patients were divided into 2 groups as MPE, and PMPE. Results were analysed. P<0.05 was considered significant.\nResults:Eighty four of the patients with MPE were malignant mesothelioma (MM), while 64 of them were pleural metastasis. 31 of patients were PMPE. Male gender, right localization and exudative feature were found to be significant for patients with MPE. On the other hand, pleural effusion having exudative feature was significant for patients with PMPE. MM, chondrosarcoma, lung and liver cancer were found to be more effective in the formation MPE. Mortality was higher in patients with MPE (n=4). Tube thoracostomy was found as primary treatment method in treatment of patients with MPE.\nConclusion: Malignant pleural effusions and PMPE are caused by underlying malignant diseases. The mortality rate is higher in patients with pleural metastatic. Tube thoracostomy and pleurodesis are the primary treatment methods.

Sann-Jhong-Kuey-Jian-Tang (SJKJT) has been prescribed as complementary medicine for patients with malignant tumors in Taiwan. Glioblastoma is deprived response to current chemotherapeutic medicine. It is requested to find new managements. SJKJT could sensitize 5-fluorouracil to exert synergistic anticancer activity in human glioblastoma DBTRG cells. But the anticancer molecular mechanisms of 5-FU plus SJKJT on human glioblastoma DBTRG cells have not been well elucidated. SJKJT could inhibit the DBTRG cells through decreasing the protein expressions of VEGFR, EGFR and IGF-1R, then to inhibit the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/Merk/Erk signaling pathway. The present study focused on the molecular mechanisms of 5-FU plus SJKJT in human Glioblastoma DBTRG cells. In the present study, we evaluated the protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), AKT, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), PTEN, Ras, MERK, ERK and β-actin in the DBTRG cells were treated with 5-FU plus SJKJT by western blotting. The results revealed that the protein expression levels of EGFR, VEGFR, IGF1R, Ras, Merk1/2, Erk, PI3K, AKT and mTOR were decreased in the DBTRG cells were treated with 5-FU plus SJKJT; however, the level of PTEN was decreased. These findings indicated that 5-FU plus SJKJT can inhibit DBTRG cells through decreasing the protein expressions of EGFR, VEGFR and IGF-1R, then to inhibit both PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/Merk/Erk signaling pathways. The use of 5-FU plus traditional Chinese medicine prescription SJKJT may become a feasible therapy option for human Glioblastoma.

Abstract\n The study aimed to identify the level of self- regulation and emotional autonomy among Individuals with autism spectrum disorder in Jordan in light of the variables of sex and age. The study sample consisted of (70) children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (43 males and 27 female) at the Special Education Institution in Amman during the first semester of the academic year 2017/2018 . In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researchers developed the measure of self- regulation and emotional autonomy Scale, and Validity and reliability for scale were obtained. The results showed that the level of self- regulation and emotional autonomy among Individuals with autism spectrum disorder in Jordan was low, and there was no statistically significant differences in the level of self- regulation and emotional autonomy among Individuals with autism spectrum disorder due to the gender variable and the existence of statistically significant differences in the level of self- regulation and emotional autonomy of Individuals with autism spectrum disorder Age for the age group (6-10 years). The researchers recommend focusing on early intervention programs to improve the self- regulation and emotional autonomy well-being of Individuals with autism spectrum disorder.

To establish the new indexes of managing 2nd-generation biofuel system (with overwetting preprocess), the research of interrelationship between macro-based dynamic predictors (here Young’s modulus (YM), buckling factor, and wetting site) and traditional ones (here amorphicity index (AmI), crystallinity index (CrI), and theoretical maximum yield) was carried out under the condition of nonoptimized batch format. Interestingly, with the microparticle-based homeostatic stability of all classic parameters (except for the AmI signals under special circumstances), the one-sided formula of behavior mainstreams (except for submicron cases) was well adjusted. From the cross compatibility (by applying linear regression) of either biodegradable or fermentable efficiencies, it showed that the swelling-based macro points are far superior to the CrI alternatives. The mass balance-based merits in general went up by over 7.6 percent. The study’s author hopes that the result will be wider choices for the advanced control algorithms of both continuous and consolidated bioconversion processes in the presence of any biomass materials (especially from plants).

Aims: Little is known about the clinical characteristics of spontaneous fungal peritonitis (SFP) in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). This retrospective multicenter study evaluated SFP, culture-positive spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), and bacterascites in LC patients.\nMethods: A series of 1267 patients with LC and ascites with 2894 routine paracenteses at four hospitals were evaluated. Enrolled patients included 105 with LC and spontaneous peritonitis and culture-positive ascites. Seven had SFP, 59 were culture-positive SBP patients, and 39 had bacterascites. The laboratory findings, Child–Pugh scores, incidence of type I hepatorenal syndrome, and 1- and 6-month mortality rates of the study groups were compared.\nResults: One- and 6-month mortality were 71.4% (five of seven patients) and 85.7% (six/seven patients) in SFP, 25.4% (15/59 patients; p = 0.039) and 35.6% (21/59 patients; p = 0.032) in culture-positive SBP, and 20.5% (8/39 patients; p = 0.021) and 25.6% (10/39 patients; p = 0.0083) in bacterascites. There were no significant differences in the severity of underlying liver dysfunction and renal impairment in the SFP and culture-positive SBP, and bacterascites patients.\nConclusion: SFP in patients with LC was associated with significantly higher mortality than culture-positive SBP or bacterascites.

Over the past few years, solar energy conversion technology is sharply developing. An important first step is to make this conversion system more effective and more reliable. The main objective of this paper is to study the influence of the power of the electricity network on the connection of the solar energy source. The photovoltaic source has been examined under the effect of the variation of the parameters of the networks such as the power of short-circuit and the frequency .The results obtained by the simulation have shown that the photovoltaic source has amazing performance if the power system is of high or medium power and with constant parameters.

The study aimed to identify the differences in the meta cognitive thinking between gifted students and their ordinary peers in Jordan. The descriptive analytical method was used. The study sample consisted of (200) students of gifted and ordinary students enrolled during the 2017/2018 academic year. The results of the first question showed that the level of meta cognitive thinking of the gifted student is high level with arithmetic mean of (3.06), and ordinary students came at an average level with an average of (2.21), and the results of the third question is that there are differences between the gifted and the ordinary in the level of meta cognitive thinking for the benefit of the gifted, the results of the fourth question showed that there are differences between the gifted and ordinary in the level of Meta cognitive thinking attributed to the gender variable and the differences were in favor of males, and the results of the fifth question that there are differences between the gifted The standard of meta cognitive thinking is attributed to the benefit of the secondary stage.

Even though vestibular system is primarily concerned with maintenance of balance and equilibrium, vestibular research is now extended into new advanced areas like cognitive neuroscience. Olden days vestibular stimulation were used for diagnosing vestibular disorders, but evidences shows that controlled vestibular stimulation can be used as an alternate therapy for neurological disorders like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Vestibular stimulation also proved to be beneficial in the management of stress, improving sleep quality, improving immunity, improving memory, motor execution during cognitive task, and reduction in abnormal muscle tone. Further, vestibular stimulation is essential for normal growth and development. The current review article was undertaken to explore and update different methods available for\n\nvestibular stimulation in experimental animals.

In recent year’s climatic change and forest management affected coppice forests. Moreover, there has been a reduction in the water levels of the region. Thus, not only amount of coppice forests but also its species was changed. As well as new plants need to be introduced (from seed) to replace stumps those have lost their vigour after many coppicing cycles. This study was conducted to assess the effects of drought on crown dieback, branch mortality and chancing biodiversity on the coppice forests of black forests in southern Europe. Crown dieback or branch mortality, expressed as the percentage of dead above ground biomass (stems, branches and leaves), was used as a measure of tree vitality. The pattern of branch mortality distribution was recorded in different vertical parts of the crown. A systematic sampling design will chose for this study. All type of woody vegetation will record for all sampling plots. All the statistical analyses will perform using the statistic program SPSS and PC-Ord V.6 Program, final choice of number of groups by means of the indicator species analysis.

In the presented article were researched mycobiota and fungicidal properties of 10% aquatic extract of Alhagi mourorum Medik plant, spread in the Absheron Peninsula of Azerbaijan Republic. It became clear that, in the formation of the mycobyta of the plant are involved 21 species of fungi which, 60,9% of them are toxigenic. On the other hand, it was clear that, aquatic extract of A.mourorum plant has fungicide feature which, 37-46% weaken growth of toxigenic fungi widely spreading in Azerbaijan condition.

*0.6cmIn this paper we establish the concept of L-smooth ideal and L-smooth local map of L-smooth ideals with (L,⊙)- smooth topologies . We study a new sort of L-smooth ideal and L-smooth local map namely L-smooth ideal and r-smooth open local map. Many of its characterizations, properties and connections between it and other corresponding fuzzy notions are studied.

Urgency. The active researches of this group carried out by Azerbaijani’sprotozoologists in the sea and fresh waters of Azerbaijan in the study of soil infusoria and soil infusoria of the local region are still least studied. According to the latest estimates Alekperov species diversity of ciliates pedobionts is 250 species, which is inferior to the composition of the fauna of infusorians of the Caspian sea which is known around 403 species, and fresh waters of Azerbaijan (400 species). Currently, the research of a number of authors (Finlay, 2001; Foissner, 1994, 2004; Bamforth, 2001) it has been shown that the biomass of soil infusor can be tens of kilograms per hectare of soil, which is quite comparable to the biomass of a number of multicellular pedobionts.

This research is a quantitative study carried out to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of expectant mothers towards sibling jealousy and the jealousy behaviors observed in their children using a relational search model. The study group consisted of 390 hospitalized mothers in the Gynecology Clinic of a University Hospital between August 2015 and August 2016. The data were collected using surveys developed by the researchers after the required permissions were obtained according to the ethical guidelines. The basic data such as the participants’ knowledge about sibling jealousy, the methods they used to avoid it and their demographic information were presented with frequency and percentage tables. In order to determine the relationship between the mean scores of current jealousy behaviors of the children and those after learning that they would have a new sibling, the t test, one of the parametric tests, was applied because of the normal distribution of the data obtained after the assumptions of normality were examined. As a result of the statistical procedures, almost all of the mothers (94.6%) said to have informed the big sibling about their pregnancy, most of the participants (58.5%) had information to avoid jealousy among the siblings, more than half of them (52.3%) did not get any information about childrearing before, and those who did mostly got it from television/ the internet. In our study, it was observed that sibling jealousy is more common in siblings with a higher average age and in girls. Besides, it is more common among the children whose mothers aged 35 years and under and high school graduates and the sibling jealousy behaviors after the baby came home were found to be significantly lower than those after learning that they would have a new sibling.

This study deals with the nervus glossopharyngeus of Garra tibanica. The microscopic observations concluded that, the nervus glosspharyngeus arises by one root and leaves the cranial cavity through its own foramen. It has two rami; pharyngeus and postrematic. It gives visceromotor fibres for the first internal and external levator arcuale branchiale, the adductor arcus branchialis and the first obliquus ventralis muscles. It has single extracranially located epibranchial (petrosal) ganglion.The ramus pharyngeus carries general viscerosensory fibres for the epithelial lining of the pharynx and pseudobranch and special ones for the taste buds. The ramus posttrematicus carries both general vescerosensory fibres for the epithelial lining the pharynx and first branchial arch and special ones for the gill filaments, as well as visceromotor fibres for the first adductor arcualis branchialis and the first obliquus ventralis muscle. The ramus pharyngeus is connected with the truncus hyomandibularis of the nervus facialis; Jacobson anastomosis.

Aim: To verify the scenario of neoplasms in Piauí, so that it is possible to improve both hospital and preventive interventions. Methods: This is an ecological study, with secondary data from hospitalizations funded by SUS in the State of Piauí from January 1, 2016 to February 28, 2017. Data from hospital admission due to malignant cancer in female genitalia treated and funded by SUS were collected in Piauí. Results: In Piauí, 831 hospital admissions were paid by the Unified Health System, representing in monetary terms R $ 2,396,415.75. The average value of each hospitalization is R $ 2,883.77. In the study it is possible to identify the genital structures most affected by Malignant Neoplasms, being: endocervix, exocervix, cervix (58.6%); followed by ovaries (22.7%). Conclusion: The IH rates for NGM are high in Piauí, which leads us to question the effectiveness of the preventive measures adopted. These measures, when adhered to by the population, have a high probability of success, however, there is a certain rejection of a large part of the community, both in relation to vaccination and also in the performance of screening tests.

This paper gives the results of the investigation made on the behavior and strength of fourteen RC beams partly and parabolically curved in elevation (PPCE) and a straight beam. A beam is said to be partly and parabolically curved in elevation if a portion in the middle is curved like an arch. These beams were subjected to gradually increased central concentrated load until failure of beam occurred. The behavior of the beams was studied by cracking loads and ultimate loads were recorded and observing the crack patterns. In this investigation, two sets of seven partly curved beams were cast with constant rise of 300mm and varying chord length of parabolic arch from 690mm to 1844mm. First set of seven beams were tested by allowing longitudinal displacement of the ends of beams and the second set of seven beams were tested by arresting longitudinal displacement using tie bars. Based on the experimental results, the effect of horizontal thrust on the strength and behavior of these two different sets of beams was compared and also these beams have been compared with straight beams in relation to strength and behavior.

This study investigates the behavior of steel tubes filled with concrete and subjected to axial forces. Capacities of steel tubes without concrete, concrete filled tubes and tubes braced internally and filled with concrete were tested in this test series. Cross bracing used to internally tie the tubes comprised of #3 deformed bars welded in transverse direction at 150mm center to center along the height and thereafter filled with concrete. Steel used was 250MPa while concrete used to fill in the steel tubes for this study had average compressive strength of 30MPa. Steel tubes were later analyzed analytically, and experimental results were thereafter compared with the analytical values obtained. The confinement effect of steel to concrete and lateral support provided by concrete to the thin walls of the steel tubes resulted into composite action which increased the load carrying capacity of the composite column tremendously. Compressive strength increase was observed to be 2.5 to 3.25 times. The shape of the steel tube i.e. circular/ square and its diameter-to-thickness ratios were also considered in testing. Calculation procedure to estimate the axial load carrying capacity is also proposed for square columns filled with concrete.\nThis study revealed that of the load bearing capacity of concrete filled steel tubes is affected by the thickness and shape of the tube. Maximum improvement in capacity increase is observed in circular shapes as compared to square shapes. However, the load-deformation behavior of concrete filled steel columns depends primarily on shape of the tube, diameter to thickness or width to thickness ratio and the strength of the concrete used to fill the tube. The effects of strain-hardening were observed in steel tube during testing.

This study investigates the half-yearly financial reports issued by the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) listed companies in terms of timeliness. Further, timeliness is determined in terms of its linkage with the structure of corporate governance (i.e., non-executive directors, board meetings, CEO duality, audit committee present, levels of foreign ownership, levels of government ownership, and a number of shareholders). Audit report lag (ARL) is used for the measurement of the timeliness of the financial reports, and 72 ASE listed firms for the 2012 and 2016 period were chosen as sample. The results prove a significant and negative linkage between board meetings, audit committee present, levels of foreign ownership, levels of government ownership and timeliness in half-yearly reports. As conclusion, sound corporate governance structures play a significant role in the improvement of timeliness quality of the issued interim financial reports.

Sixteen representatives of phenolic compounds (gallol, chlorogenic acid, vanillin, caffeine, para coumaric acid etc.) have been detected in persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) fruit using the chromato-mass-spectrometric method. Some persimmonsdo not have astringent taste. Havingantioxidant and antimicrobial properties, they are not susceptible to microbiological diseases due to C6-C1 tannins rather than C6-C3-C6 flavonoid-containing vaccines or tannins.The studied oxidoreductases (ascorbate oxidase, o-diphenol oxidase, peroxidase, catalase) were inhibited when persimmon fruit was kept in the cooling chamber at -2-3°C (temperature inside the fruit was 0+1°C) and 90-95%air humidity.Although the inhibition of enzymes reduced the oxidation of nutrients during respiration, this process did not affect fruit appearance, nutritional value, and other indices.

Acetonic plant extracts of Rhazya stricta, Lantana camara, Ruta chalepensis, Heliotropium bacciferum and Murobium vulgare were tested in the laboratory for their insecticidal and repellent effectiveness to rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae L. Four concentrations of each plant extract, 100, 200,300 and 400 ppm were tested. Adult weevil was exposed to plant extracts for 6 days. Percentage of mortality was recorded after 2, 4 and 6 days from exposure. The repellent effect of the previous plant extracts was also, studied. All of these plant extracts showed remarkable toxicities. Complete mortality of S. oryzae was achieved by L camara and R. chalepensis at the concentration of 400 ppm for adult weevil. The rest of plant extracts increased mortality with increasing of concentrations. Of five plant extracts, the effect of L. camara and R. chalepensis were relatively more pronounced with LC50 values of 201.97 and 237, 25 ppm, respectively, two days from treatment. After 6 days, LC50s were 113.61 and 118.78, respectively. Moreover, L. camara and R. chalepensis exhibited high repellency 100% and 93.15% at concentration of 400 ppm against S. oryzae adults. The application of these extracts may be promising in protecting of stored grains against the attack of S. oryzae specially extracts of L. camara and R. chalepensis.

. High strength concrete pavements have been investigated in this study containing normal Portland Cement blended with abundantly available agricultural waste i.e. rice husk ash produced on huge scale in the rice growing regions. Fine grained rice husk ash when blended with normal Portland cement improved mechanical as well as durability properties of high strength concrete pavements. This type of concrete containing blended cements has not been investigated to-date. Since concrete pavements are typically exposed to dynamic loads and such pavements possess large surface areas usually subjected to deicing chemicals in cold regions and sulphates in regions with subsoil water with high sulphate content, detailed investigations to evaluate the mechanical properties, shrinkage, permeability and durability have been carried out. High strength concrete mixes for compressive strengths of 65 and 85MPA have been investigated. Compressive strengths of high strength concrete specimen with blended cements were observed to be higher by about 5 to 10% than the control specimen, higher values typically for concrete with 70% Portland cement blended with 30% rice husk ash whilst lower values correspond to concrete with 60% Portland cement blended with 40% rice husk ash. Higher density, flexural strength, moduli of elasticity were observed along with reduced shrinkage, lower permeability, higher sulphate and chloride resistance were observed. Higher strengths with improved durability of high strength concrete pavements certainly makes it an acceptable material for large scale road construction projects.

The moderm condition of vegetation and fodder resources of winter pastures of the Shirvan regions of Azerbaijan have been studied. Number of experiments for improve the highly embossed and deserted phytocenoses have been carried out. Practical recommendations to improve and increase the yield of fodder land, which is the main food base for transhumant livestock and a rich source of useful plants for integrated use have been developed. However, the forage resources of the region are used irrationally, the composition and structure of the vegetation of these pastures has generally worsened. To improve and increase of them productivity is necessary to carry out a number of urgent engineering, technical and agrotechnical work.

In 2012-2015 in the Devechi Firth of the Middle Caspian 315 fish of 17 species and 203 fish-eating birds of 18 species were studied by the method of full helminthological dissection, 17 species of trematodes that use in their life cycle both fish and birds were found. Of them 13 species were found both in fish and birds, 3 species – only in birds and 1 species – only in fish. On the whole each species of fish was infected with more number of trematode species than each species of birds. The relatively high infection of fish in the firth is maintained by the intensive release of cercariae from numerous mollusks in which parthenites of trematodes can live for a long time. For that reason a significant infection of fish with this group of trematodes can be, even in cases if there are no a large number of fish-eating birds.

The serological detection of specific antibodies to Treponema pallidum is important for the diagnosis of syphilis. The novel recombinant proteins Tpn17, Tpn47 and TmpA were used to develop an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of syphilis. Methods- The specific proteins of Treponema pallidum were obtained by using standard cloning and expression procedures and used for the development of syphilis ELISA. A total of 1305 specimens were collected for the evaluation of Syphilis ELISA. Specimens were collected by venipuncture as well as using sample collection filter paper. Standard methods such as TP-HA and Treponema pallidum IgG/IgM ELISA were used to compare the specificity and sensitivity of the Genomix Syphilis ELISA. ELISA reading was obtained by using hand held ELISA reader. Results- The specificity of Genomix Syphilis ELISA from various groups of specimens ranges 98% to 100% and the sensitivity varying from 94.7% to 100%. Conclusions- Genomix syphilis ELISA reported highly sensitive and specific method for the diagnosis of syphilis as compared to Treponema pallidum IgG/IgM ELISA.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical profile of green grasses including barley and wheat. Green grasses were procured from Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI) Faisalabad, Pakistan. All the phytochemical parameters were determined through standard methods with little modifications. The explored parameters include proximate analysis, mineral profile, vitamin profile and especially antioxidant profile (total phenolic contents, free radical scavenging activity (DPPH assay), flavonoids, and phenolic acids). The results portrayed that there is significant difference between the proximate parameters, vitamin and minerals profile of both barley and wheat green grasses. The antioxidant profile; antioxidant activity (AA) (283.5) and DPPH assay (99.29%) of barley grass was much higher than wheat grass. Total Phenolic Contents (TPC) (203.52 µmol of GAE/g) and flavonoids (161.12 ?mol/l) were much higher in wheat grass as compared to barley grass. Barley grass showed maximum contents of phenolic acids including benzoic acid (73.84 µg/g), caffeic acid (86.61 µg/g), gallic acid (6.33 µg/g), syringic acid (170.46 µg/g), P-Hydroxybenzoic acid (42.52 µg/g) and Ferulic acid (1560.3 µg/g). Conclusively, barley grass has shown higher antioxidant potential.